Math & Trig

kokas · 10-23-2006, 02:39 PM

Math & Trig

double MathAbs(
double value)

Returns the absolute value (modulus) of the specified numeric value.

Parameters

value
-
Numeric value.

Sample
double dx=-3.141593, dy;
// calc MathAbs
dy=MathAbs(dx);
Print("The absolute value of ",dx," is ",dy);
// Output: The absolute value of -3.141593 is 3.141593

double MathArccos(
double x)

The MathArccos function returns the arccosine of x in the range 0 to π radians. If x is less than -1 or greater than 1, MathArccos returns an indefinite (same as a quiet NaN).

Parameters

x
-
Value between -1 and 1 arc cosine of which should be calculated.

Sample
double x=0.32696, y;
y=asin(x);
Print("Arcsine of ",x," = ",y);
y=acos(x);
Print("Arccosine of ",x," = ",y);
//Output: Arcsine of 0.326960=0.333085
//Output: Arccosine of 0.326960=1.237711

double MathArcsin(
double x)

The MathArcsin function returns the arcsine of x in the range -π/2 to π/2 radians. If x is less than -1 or greater than 1, arcsine returns an indefinite (same as a quiet NaN).

Parameters

x
-
Value the arcsine of which should be calculated

Sample
double x=0.32696, y;
y=MathArcsin(x);
Print("Arcsine of ",x," = ",y);
y=acos(x);
Print("Arccosine of ",x," = ",y);
//Output: Arcsine of 0.326960=0.333085
//Output: Arccosine of 0.326960=1.237711

double MathArctan(
double x)

The MathArctan returns the arctangent of x. If x is 0, MathArctan returns 0. MathArctan returns a value in the range -π/2 to π/2 radians.

Parameters

x
-
A number representing a tangent.

Sample
double x=-862.42, y;
y=MathArctan(x);
Print("Arctangent of ",x," is ",y);
//Output: Arctangent of -862.42 is -1.5696

double MathCeil(
double x)

The MathCeil function returns a numeric value representing the smallest integer that is greater than or equal to x.

Parameters

x
-
Numeric value.

Sample
double y;
y=MathCeil(2.8);
Print("The ceil of 2.8 is ",y);
y=MathCeil(-2.8);
Print("The ceil of -2.8 is ",y);
/*Output:
The ceil of 2.8 is 3
The ceil of -2.8 is -2*/

double MathCos(
double value)

Returns the cosine of the specified angle.

Parameters

value
-
An angle, measured in radians.

Sample
double pi=3.1415926535;
double x, y;
x=pi/2;
y=MathSin(x);
Print("MathSin(",x,") = ",y);
y=MathCos(x);
Print("MathCos(",x,") = ",y);
//Output: MathSin(1.5708)=1
// MathCos(1.5708)=0

double MathExp(
double d)

Returns value the number e raised to the power d. On overflow, the function returns INF (infinite) and on underflow, MathExp returns 0.

Parameters

d
-
A number specifying a power.

Sample
double x=2.302585093,y;
y=MathExp(x);
Print("MathExp(",x,") = ",y);
//Output: MathExp(2.3026)=10

double MathFloor(
double x)

The MathFloor function returns a numeric value representing the largest integer that is less than or equal to x.

Parameters

x
-
Numeric value.

Sample
double y;
y=MathFloor(2.8);
Print("The floor of 2.8 is ",y);
y=MathFloor(-2.8);
Print("The floor of -2.8 is ",y);
/*Output:
The floor of 2.8 is 2
The floor of -2.8 is -3*/

double MathLog(
double x)

The MathLog functions return the logarithm of x if successful. If x is negative, these functions return an indefinite (same as a quiet NaN). If x is 0, they return INF (infinite).

Parameters

x
-
Value whose logarithm is to be found.

Sample
double x=9000.0,y;
y=MathLog(x);
Print("MathLog(",x,") = ", y);
//Output: MathLog(9000)=9.10498

double MathMax(
double value1, double value2)

Returns maximum value of two numeric values.

Parameters

value1
-
First numeric value.
value2
-
Second numeric value.

Sample
double result=MathMax(1.08,Bid);

double MathMin(
double value1, double value2)

Returns minimum value of two numeric values.

Parameters

value1
-
First numeric value.
value2
-
Second numeric value.

Sample
double result=MathMin(1.08,Ask);

double MathMod(
double value, double value2)

Divides two numbers and returns only the remainder.

Parameters

value
-
Dividend value.
value2
-
Divider value.

Sample
double x=-10.0,y=3.0,z;
z=MathMod(x,y);
Print("The remainder of ",x," / ",y," is ",z);
//Output: The remainder of -10 / 3 is -1

double MathPow(
double base, double exponent)

Returns the value of a base expression taken to a specified power.

Parameters

base
-
Base value.
exponent
-
Exponent value.

Sample
double x=2.0,y=3.0,z;
z=MathPow(x,y);
Printf(x," to the power of ",y," is ", z);
//Output: 2 to the power of 3 is 8

int MathRand(
)

The MathRand function returns a pseudorandom integer in the range 0 to 0x7fff (32767). Use the MathSrand function to seed the pseudorandom-number generator before calling rand.

Sample
MathSrand(LocalTime());
// Display 10 numbers.
for(int i=0;i<10;i++ )
Print("random value ", MathRand());

double MathRound(
double value)

Returns value rounded to the nearest integer of the specified numeric value.

Parameters

value
-
Numeric value to round.

Sample
double y=MathRound(2.8);
Print("The round of 2.8 is ",y);
y=MathRound(2.4);
Print("The round of -2.4 is ",y);
//Output: The round of 2.8 is 3
// The round of -2.4 is -2

double MathSin(
double value)

Returns the sine of the specified angle.

Parameters

value
-
An angle, measured in radians.

Sample
double pi=3.1415926535;
double x, y;
x=pi/2;
y=MathSin(x);
Print("MathSin(",x,") = ",y);
y=MathCos(x);
Print("MathCos(",x,") = ",y);
//Output: MathSin(1.5708)=1
// MathCos(1.5708)=0

double MathSqrt(
double x)

The MathSqrt function returns the square-root of x. If x is negative, MathSqrt returns an indefinite (same as a quiet NaN).

Parameters

x
-
Positive numeric value.

Sample
double question=45.35, answer;
answer=MathSqrt(question);
if(question<0)
Print("Error: MathSqrt returns ",answer," answer");
else
Print("The square root of ",question," is ", answer);
//Output: The square root of 45.35 is 6.73

void MathSrand(
int seed)

The MathSrand() function sets the starting point for generating a series of pseudorandom integers. To reinitialize the generator, use 1 as the seed argument. Any other value for seed sets the generator to a random starting point. MathRand retrieves the pseudorandom numbers that are generated. Calling MathRand before any call to MathSrand generates the same sequence as calling MathSrand with seed passed as 1.

Parameters

seed
-
Seed for random-number generation.

Sample
MathSrand(LocalTime());
// Display 10 numbers.
for(int i=0;i<10;i++ )
Print("random value ", MathRand());

double MathTan(
double x)

MathTan returns the tangent of x. If x is greater than or equal to 263, or less than or equal to -263, a loss of significance in the result occurs, in which case the function returns an indefinite (same as a quiet NaN).

Parameters

x
-
Angle in radians.

Sample
double pi=3.1415926535;
double x,y;
x=MathTan(pi/4);
Print("MathTan(",pi/4," = ",x);
//Output: MathTan(0.7856)=1